Compositional and interface engineeringFor the properties of nanostructured ferroelectrics, microstructure, composition and electronic properties of the interfaces play a significant role, due to the increased interface-to-volume ratio. Functional, i.e. electrically switchable nanostructures and ultrathin films thus require a compositional and interface engineering, the smaller the structures or the thinner the films. Interfacial strain in ferroelectric multilayers is particularly interesting and useful, because in favourable cases it allows to tune the properties.